Problem: Jesus cites three passages from the OT. Did he cite them in context or out of context?
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Luke 4:3 – Why do Luke and Matthew place Satan’s conversation out of order?
Problem: Mark merely refers to the temptation of Jesus (Mk. 1:12-13), but doesn’t give specifics. John omits the event altogether. Luke and Matthew both describe the temptation, yet they contain the conversation in a different order:
Luke 4:2 – Could Jesus survive 40 days without eating?
Problem: Luke records that Jesus survived in the desert for 40 days without eating. Is this physically possible?
Luke 3:27 – Who is Shealtiel’s father? Jeconiah or Neri?
Problem: Matthew and Luke both give different names for the father of Shealtiel.
Matthew: Jeconiah, Shealtiel, then Zerubbabel (Mt. 1:12).
Luke: Neri, Shealtiel, then Zerubbabel (Lk. 3:27).
Is this a contradiction?
Luke 3:23-28 Do Matthew and Luke’s genealogies contradict each other?
Problem: Matthew and Luke both write a genealogy for Jesus, but these are different from one another. Once Matthew and Luke reach David, they diverge from one another rapidly. Matthew has 26 names and Luke has 41 names (between David and Jesus).
Luke 3:21-22 – Why was Jesus baptized?
Problem: Jesus was baptized, but normally, only sinners were baptized by John. Why was Jesus baptized? Was he secretly sinful and needed to repent of this before he could start his ministry?
Luke 3:23 – Why are there different genealogies for Jesus in Matthew 1 and Luke 3?
Problem: Both Matthew 1 and Luke 3 contain genealogies of Jesus. But there is one problem – Why they are different?
Luke 3:23 – Why does Luke present a different ancestral tree for Jesus than the one in Matthew?
Problem: Jesus has a different grandfather here in Luke 3:23 (Heli) than He does in Matthew 1:16 (Jacob). Which one is the right one?
Luke 2:50 – How could they not understand this statement, if they knew Jesus was the Messiah?
Problem: In Luke 1:32-33, the angel Gabriel told Mary, “He will be great and will be called the Son of the Most High; and the Lord God will give Him the throne of His father David; 33 and He will reign over the house of Jacob forever, and His kingdom will have no end.” In other words, Gabriel told her that Jesus was the Messiah. However, in Luke 2:50, we read that Jesus’ parents “did not understand the statement which He had made to them” about being the son of God. How could they not know this, if an angel had appeared to them?
Luke 2:42 – Why don’t the gospels give us many details about Jesus’ childhood and young adult years?
Problem: The gospels fail to give many details from the period of Jesus’ birth to his adult years at the age of 30 (Lk. 3:23). Here, Luke gives a unique detail from when he was twelve years old. Why are more details not given?
Luke 2:40 – How could Jesus increase in wisdom, if he was God?
Problem: Jesus was fully God (Mk. 2:5-7; Jn. 1:1; 5:18; 8:58; 10:30; 20:28-29). An essential attribute of deity is omniscience (or being “all-knowing”). However, in this passage, we read, “The Child continued to grow and become strong, increasing in wisdom” (Lk. 2:40).
Luke 2:34-35 – Does this passage support the Roman Catholic doctrine of the co-redemptrix nature of Mary?
Problem: Simeon said of Mary, “Behold, this Child is appointed for the fall and rise of many in Israel, and for a sign to be opposed—35 and a sword will pierce even your own soul—to the end that thoughts from many hearts may be revealed” (Lk. 2:34-35). Catholic interpreters argue that the mention of being pierced to the soul refers to Mary contributing to the redemption of humanity.
Luke 2:5 – When did Joseph take Mary as his wife?
Problem: Luke writes that Mary “was engaged” to Joseph when she gave birth to Jesus (Lk. 2:5). Yet Matthew records that Joseph “took Mary as his wife” when he got the dream from the angel. Which is true?
Luke 2:3 – Why would Mary have to travel to Joseph’s place of birth?
Problem: Critics claim that this worldwide census is not historical, claiming that Mary would not have needed to travel this far with Joseph. Did these sort of censuses occur in the Roman Empire?
Luke 2:2 – Is this passage about Quirinius a historical contradiction?
Problem: Critics charge that this census is anachronistic on Luke’s behalf. Luke writes, “Now in those days a decree went out from Caesar Augustus, that a census be taken of all the inhabited earth. 2 This was the first census taken while Quirinius was governor of Syria” (Lk. 2:1-2). This census can be dated to AD 6, which is far too late to line up with Jesus’ birth, which dates closer to 4-5 BC, because he was born “in the days of Herod,” (Mt. 2:1; c.f. Lk. 1:5) who died in 4 BC. Thus, critics argue that Luke is a decade off in his dating of Jesus’ birth.
