Problem: Some Calvinist interpreters hold that this passage supports the notion that God predestines humans for heaven or hell, while they are still in their “mother’s womb.” Is this the case?
Gal 1:13 – Did Paul’s personality change after his conversion?
Problem: God personally created us in our mother’s womb (Ps. 139:13). Therefore, our personality and temperament were created by God. Does God change our personality, when we come to Christ?
Gal 1:11-12 – Did Paul receive the Gospel from man or not?
Many have argued that there is a necessary contradiction between 1 Corinthians 15 and Galatians 1. In 1 Corinthians 15, Paul received a creed (formulaic statement of belief) and passed it on to the Corinthians. This creed was probably composed shortly after Jesus‘ crucifixion by various Christians. Many scholars argue that Paul likely received this creed from the Jerusalem apostles (cf. Gal. 1-2). However, Paul says in Galatians 1:11-12 that he did not receive the Gospel from man.
Gal. 1:6-9 – How can Paul desire these men to be “accursed,” when Jesus tells us to “love our enemies?”
Problem: Jesus taught that we should love our enemies (Mt. 5:44), but Paul prays a curse over his enemies. This word for “accursed” is anathema. Colin Brown writes,
Gal. 1:1-5 – Why doesn’t Paul pray in his introduction?
CLAIM: In Greek culture, most people would introduce a letter with thanksgiving and a greeting. In fact, it was considered shameful and offensive to dive immediately into the letter. Paul opens his letter with prayer and thanksgiving in every other letter. Why not this one?
2 Cor. 12:12 – Does this passage teach that the charismatic gifts were only for the apostles?
Problem: Paul writes, “The signs of a true apostle were performed among you with all perseverance, by signs and wonders and miracles” (2 Cor. 12:12). Cessationist interpreters argue that signs and wonders were given to the apostles in order their unique ministry and message. However, the charismatic gifts are not for today, because this purpose is no longer necessary. Is this the case?
2 Cor 12:7 – What was Paul’s thorn in the flesh?
Problem: Paul writes, “There was given me a thorn in the flesh, a messenger of Satan to torment me—to keep me from exalting myself!” (2 Cor. 12:7) What is the thorn in the flesh?
2 Cor. 12:2 – What is the third heaven?
Problem: Paul writes that a man “was caught up to the third heaven” (2 Cor. 12:2). What is the third heaven?
2 Cor 11:5 – Was Paul the greatest or the least of apostles?
Problem: Here Paul claimed, “I am not at all inferior to the most eminent apostles” (2 Cor. 11:5). And elsewhere he would have us believe that he is “the least of the apostles” (1 Cor. 15:9). But it would seem that both cannot be true.
Solution: Paul is speaking in different contexts. In one passage, he is speaking with respect to his ability, training, and zeal. However, unlike the other apostles, Paul had persecuted the church of Christ before his conversion and, therefore, considered himself unworthy even to be an apostle (cf. Gal. 1:13; Acts 9:1). So with respect to his preconversion antagonism to Christ he rightly considered himself “the least of the apostles.”
“Therefore it is no great thing if his ministers also be transformed as the ministers of righteousness; whose end shall be according to their works.
(2 Cor 11:15)
2 Cor. 8:15 – Why does Paul quote Exodus 16:18?
Problem: Paul writes, “As it is written, ‘He who gathered much did not have too much, and he who gathered little had no lack’” (2 Cor. 8:15). Paul is citing Exodus 16:18 here, which refers to the manna given out during the Exodus. Why does he cite this passage?